Profiting from the weaknesses and strengths of its predecessors, it treats not only nigerian politics, administration and economy but focuses also on culture and social history. The current political system and political hierarchy in nigeria is still inflicted with certain problems which may lead to political unrest. The colonial history of nigeria and its accompanied relics deserve immediate revisiting, as such narratives arguably do not recognize or uphold true depictions of nigeria. As such, it is advantageous for smaller political parties to merge in order to be more likely to have easier ballot access. International journal of politics and good governance volume 5, no. This book is a comprehensive appraisal of the political history of nigeria since.
Nigeria, july 2008 2 of slaves flowed north across the sahara for a millennium, ending only at the beginning of the twentieth century. The economic context of nigeria economic indicators for the latest forecasts on the economic impacts caused by the coronavirus pandemic, please consult the oecd economic outlook interim report coronavirus. As early as 1898, the british considered combining the thenthree. The 20 years of the leagues active existence fell into four periods.
The change in status called for no practical alteration of the constitutional system. Are you an expert on nigerias history, politics, and current economic situation. Women and the political history of nigeria as stated in the introductory chapter, this chapter outlines nigeria. Introduction nigeria and nigerians have been caught in the frenzy of centenary celebration. The study adopted both qualitative and quantitative means of data collection. The history behind contemporary political conflict in the niger delta is therefore very important, considering the fact that colonialism as the root cause of political conflict in contemporary nigeria with special reference to the niger delta has not been adequately studied in existing works. The history of nigeria can be traced to prehistoric settlers nigerians living in the area as early as 1100 bc.
The 4th wave merger that started from 1981 and ended by 1989 was characterized by acquisition targets that wren much larger in size as compared to the 3rd wave mergers. The six zones was not entirely carved out based on geographic location, but rather states with similar ethnic groups, andor common political history were classified in the same zone. In the nigerian political history, political parties have appeared in various guises, and have also. National council of nigeria and the cameroons ncnc. Thus providing nigeria with a cheqeured history with political transitions from civilian to military, military to military, military to civilian and civilian to civilian. The military however held sway of power for years19661979 from the time democratic experiment was truncated in. Nigeria rapidly suffers economic crisis and political disorder. Having firmly and solemnly resolve, to live in unity and harmony as one indivisible and indissoluble sovereign nation under god, dedicated to the promotion of interafrican solidarity, world peace, international cooperation and understanding. However, nigerias economy is highly dependent on oil and is therefore very vulnerable to fluctuations in crude oil prices and production. Colonialism and political conflict in contemporary nigeria. Neither brief cilivian governments nor frequent military intervention prove able to rescue the situation. On 1, october 1960, nigeria, after several years of british colonial rule, became an independent nation.
As per the constitution the political hierarchy in nigeria must be bound together by a federal arrangement that includes different levels of government. An analysis grace malachi brown, phd department of history and diplomatic studies faculty of humanities rivers state university of education pmb 5047, rumuolumeni port harcourt, rivers state nigeria. Economic history of nigeria in the 20th century explanations for the decline of agricultural sector of nigeria in the 20th century. Likewise, mexico became independent from spain well over a century ago, giving the country more time to institutionalize its political system and evolve toward a more democratic order. Geographical, historical and political profiles of nigeria. An appraisal of precipitating factors in nigeria olayiwola victor ojo m sc political science, university of ilorin, ilorin, nigeria abstract nigerias electoral politics from independence has been tumultuous. Africas leading economy, nigeria in close competition with south africa has a population of nearly 200 million people.
Abstract this paper examined the extent to which the citizens are involved in political activities. Nigeria s present democratization, which culminated in the countrys fourth republic on may 29, 1999, started amidst great hope and expectations. Pdf the trends of politics in postcolonial african states have been fuelled. Further north, the cities kano and katsina have a recorded history dating to. The study empirically investigated the relationship between political stability and economic growth in nigeria for the period 1999 to 2014 using the ardl model approach. Theoretical perspective 77 dedicated to strengthening ethnic politics in the west coleman, 1960. It operates the presidential system of government with three distinct but complementary arms namely the executive, the legislature and the judiciary, each acting as a check on. Although the years since nigerias return to civilian rule in 1999 have seen an increased interest in its history and politics, nigeria remains one of the most underresearched african countries. After the british government assumed direct control of the royal niger companys territories, the northern areas were renamed the protectorate of northern nigeria, and the land in the niger delta and along the lower reaches of the river was added to the niger coast protectorate, which was renamed the protectorate of southern nigeria. Archived from the original pdf on 16 february 2008. A history of nigeria by toyin falola cambridge core. Press and politics in nigeria s second republic by rahman olalekan olayiwola abstract this paper examines mass media bias in nigerian political communications. He was declared the winner of the controversial nigerian general election of 2007, held on april 21, and was sworn in on may 29, 2007. The university of ibadan was the first university to open in nigeria, and its scholars set up the history departments at most of nigeria s other universities, spreading the ibadan historiography.
Nigerian history since early period till colonial era. Northern nigerias political leaders, particularly the state governors, must move swiftly and. Nigeria has the appropriate credentials for greatness. Its for the interest of my fellow political science student. Within nigeria, slavery was widespread and bore social implications that are still evident. This book by falola and heaton, two experienced and now famed collaborators, is a remarkable new addition to the growing library on a general history of nigeria. In 1954 a new constitution the third in eight years establishes the federation of nigeria and adds the federal territory of lagos.
Nigeria became a federal republic, modelling its federal. The political and governmental history of nigeria nigerian. Congress apc in 20 ahead of 2015 election reenacted an. In opposition, they critique or present alternatives to ruling party proposals, helping to hold the. United technologies and otis elevator merger are the merger between colt industries and garlock industries. Nigeria officially the federal republic of nigeria, is a country in west africa, bordering niger in. History and development of political parties in nigeria. The history of the formation of political party in nigeria dates back to. The history of political parties in nigeria began when the first political party in nigeria was established in 1959, the year before nigeria gained her independence from great britain. Political stability and economic growth in nigeria 1dennis terpase nomor, ph. By an act of the british parliament, nigeria became an independent country within the commonwealth on october 1, 1960. Geographical, historical and political profiles of nigeria 1.
In democratic systems, political parties compete for support, mobilizing support behind distinct sets of policy proposals and political values. The dissolution of a number of political parties in nigeria into one party the all progressive congress apc in 20 ahead of 2015 election reenacted an already existing trend in nigerian politics referred to as politics of merger of political parties. Political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. The paper integrates nigerias colonial history in the larger picture of her political and economic underdevelopment and in the process suggests new explanation for underdevelopment and structural inequality in nigeria linked to colonial legacy and makes some policy. Ayam, phd, formerly a senior lecturer in international relations at ahmadu bello university, zaria, nigeria, is currently the head of the department of political science at.
Dahl 1995 considers political systems to be the boundaries governance rules that limit opportunities for participation in. He served as governor of katsina state in northern nigeria between may 29, 1999 and may 28, 2007. History of political parties in nigeria will never be complete if mention is not made of the various political bigwigs in the history of this country. Thus providing nigeria with a cheqeured history with political. Which of the following statements is not true of nigeriaas independence. This zone has been the most severely affected by conflict of any zone in nigeria over the last decade.
Worldwide, it is the 30th largest economy, by gdp volume. The politics of ethnic and regional security play a key role in nigerias political and economic development as well as its role in africa and the world in general. The dissolution of a number of political parties in nigeria into one party the all progressive. Imbalances between north and south were expressed in nigerias political life as well. Pdf nigerian history since early period till colonial era. Nigerias political system and the people vanguard news. It will be highlighting the nature and level of women participation of women in the political arena throughout history. The school draws attention to the potential negative consequences of free interaction between politics and administration e.
This paper is, therefore, designed to examine the processes of merger of political parties. Thus, the practice of democracy, which is the government of the people by the people and for the people, as represented in nigeria by the political party system, has failed woefully because. Journal of nigeria studies volume 1, number 2, fall 2012 political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. Yet again, the muchhyped, much anticipated merger talks between the nigeria s two leading political parties. Nigeria has a population of 3 million, a landmass of 923,768km2, a bountiful endowment in arable land, solid minerals and petroleumgas resources. Trajectories of political systems and phases in nigeria 2. In the case of nigeria, one of the several types of violent conflicts that constantly plague the socio political history of the nation is the sort of conflict that is based on, or centrally involves, religious differences.
Nigerias present democratization, which culminated in the countrys fourth republic on may 29, 1999, started amidst great hope and expectations. Thus, in the quest to understand the economic predicates of nigeria s current security challenges, this paper provides a general description of nigeria s political economy and its tendency to fuel violenceincluding terrorism, as presently observed in the country and threatening its very existence. Political activities started in nigeria long before independence. The plateau area around jos was a meeting point for cultural influences from the upper niger valley where agriculture developed independently as early as 5000 bce and from egypt. Why did britain merge northern and southern nigeria in 1914.
Such religious conflicts are quite frequent and occur mostly. The dominant unifying question for the authorswhether or not a politics of class is emerging in nigeria is answered from a variety of. This paper is a contribution to the debate on democratization and development in nigeria. A chronology of key events in the history of nigeria from its earliest civilisations to the present day. Parties have frequently mobilized supporters based on ethnoregional, religious, and personality politics, while. Numerous ancient african civilizations settled in the region that is today nigeria, such as the kingdom of nri, the benin empire, and the oyo empire. Since then, the nature of the democratic project has been the subject of debate in various circles. Nigeria political fact sheet united states embassy in nigeria 2011 presidential election the pdp emerged as the winning party with 58.
Ayam, phd, formerly a senior lecturer in international relations at ahmadu bello university, zaria, nigeria, is currently the head of the department of political. Lots of efforts were made by the three political regions, namely the northern, western and eastern regions, to give flesh to the political framework. Nigeria s parties have a history of formation, dissolution and reformation due to the many transitions in nigeria s postindependence political history. Its scholars also wrote the textbooks that were used at all levels of the nigerian education system for many years. This newly formed country would go on to become a republic three years down the line on 1, october, 1963. During the later 1950s an african political structure is gradually achieved. Jun 26, 2015 thus, in the quest to understand the economic predicates of nigerias current security challenges, this paper provides a general description of nigerias political economy and its tendency to fuel violenceincluding terrorism, as presently observed in the country and threatening its very existence. Nigeria has a long history, with its roots in early civilisations of distinguished artistry.
Further, starting a new party is very hard, given the difficulties of ballot access, but an easier way to get on the ballot is to find a small but big enough party that you can merge with. History of political parties in nigeria nigerian finder. This post is about the governmental and political history of nigeria. League of nations league of nations political history. There was a need for the government to merge similar groups for. The sixteenth century marked a high point in the political history of northern. Library of congress federal research division country profile. But even this is not enough to reflect the complexity of the situation. The african ejournals project has digitized full text of.
Home columns my laymans view nigerias political system and the people. When in power, they seek to implement their vision. A study of some selected local government areas in ondo state, nigeria. Nigeria is a famous country with more than one hundred and forty million population. Military and politics in nigeria the group of army officers involved in the military take over of janua ry 15, 1966, consisted of mostly southeastern igbo officers including major chukuma kaduna. This excellent collection of essays fills an important gap in the contemporary study of nigeria, pulling together data on political developments and economic development which add up to the most complete picture available of africas troubled giant. In 1963 nigeria became a republic within the commonwealth. Jan 10, 2016 political history of nigeria since independence 1960 till date introduction by the time nigeria gained its independence, it was entering a period of rapid social and economic change, and many people were quite optimistic about its future. Contriving the political history of a people should not be reprehensible, fictitious, vague and indistinct. The politics of history in northern nigeria niels kastfelt centre of african studies university of copenhagen paper presented to the research seminar of the african studies centre, leiden, 27 april 2006 the politics of history in contemporary africa in recent years there has been a growing interest in the political uses of history in africa. In 1959, there were three political parties in the country and they include the following.
494 577 974 1026 565 1500 661 1606 1382 407 1577 155 1283 1018 126 1538 1139 1467 1247 907 257 460 1165 766 130 1102 1141 544 1120 1177 252 1214